ILTS Social Science History (246) Practice Exam

The decline in manufacturing employment in the U.S. and Illinois since 1970 can primarily be attributed to advances in technology that minimize labor needs. Over the past several decades, technological innovation has transformed manufacturing processes, leading to increased automation and efficiency. Machines and computer systems can now perform tasks that once required a significant workforce, allowing companies to produce goods at a lower cost and faster pace with fewer employees.

As companies adopt these advanced technologies, the demand for manual labor decreases. This shift not only reduces the number of jobs available in manufacturing but also changes the nature of the work, often requiring a workforce with different skills. Consequently, many traditional manufacturing jobs have been lost, contributing to the overall decline in employment in this sector.

While factors such as increases in global manufacturing capacity, the growth of worldwide markets, and the expansion of the service sector also play roles in the employment landscape, the critical impact of technological advancements makes them less central to the direct decline in manufacturing jobs. These advancements continue to reshape the industry, reinforcing the trend of reduced employment in manufacturing settings.